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Italian ironclad Caio Duilio
''Caio Duilio'' was the lead ship of the of ironclad turret ships built for the Italian ''Regia Marina'' (Royal Navy). The ship was laid down in January 1873, was launched in May 1876, and was completed in January 1880. She was armed with a main battery of four guns, then the largest gun afloat, and she was capable of a top speed of around .
''Caio Duilio''s career was uneventful. She spent her first two decades in service with the Active and Reserve Squadrons, primarily tasked with training maneuvers and exercises. She was withdrawn from front-line duty in 1902 and thereafter employed as a training ship, though this role only lasted until 1909 when she was converted into a floating oil tank and renamed ''GM40''. The ship's ultimate fate is unknown.
==Design==
(詳細はlong overall and had a beam of and an average draft of . She displaced normally and up to at full load. Her propulsion system consisted of two vertical compound steam engines each driving a single screw propeller, with steam supplied by eight coal-fired, rectangular boilers. Her engines produced a top speed of at . She could steam for at a speed of . She had a crew of 420 officers and men, which later increased to 515.〔Gardiner, p. 340〕
''Caio Duilio'' was armed with a main battery of four 20-caliber guns, mounted in two turrets placed ''en echelon'' amidships. These were the largest naval guns in use at the time. As was customary for capital ships of the period, she carried three torpedo tubes. ''Caio Duilio'' was protected by belt armor that was thick at its strongest section, which protected the ship's magazines and machinery spaces. Both ends of the belt were connected by transverse bulkheads that were thick. She had an armored deck that was thick. Her gun turrets were armored with 17 in of steel plate. The ship's bow and stern were not armored, but they were extensively subdivided into a cellular "raft" that was intended to reduce the risk of flooding.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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